Gekluisterd aan het scherm: mediagebruik en het uitstellen van slaap

Daphne
Roskams
  • Liese
    Exelmans

De doelstelling van deze masterproef was door middel van een verkennende, kwantitatieve studie een verband tussen mediagebruik en het uitstellen van slaap blootleggen. De literatuurstudie gaf een beeld van de mate waarin media in de avond gebruikt werd. Daarbij werd het concept uitstellen van bedtijd blootgelegd en de mogelijke invloed van zelfcontrole hierop. Ondanks dat er verschillende studies terug te vinden zijn die de invloed van mediagebruik in bed op slaap bestudeerden, werd er nog geen link gelegd met het uitstellen van slaap. Deze conceptualisering werd zelf tot stand gebracht gedurende het onderzoek. We begrepen bedtijd als het tijdstip waarop men naar bed gaat, en slaaptijd als het tijdstip waarop men effectief wil gaan slapen. Er werden drie onderzoeksvragen opgesteld die testten of het uitstellen van bedtijd en slaaptijd bestonden en in welke mate deze voorspeld konden worden door mediagebruik. Daarnaast werd de invloed van zelfcontrole op deze verbanden nagegaan en werd er gekeken of ze slaapkwaliteit konden voorspellen. Om de data te verzamelen werd er een online vragenlijst opgesteld. Deze werd ingevuld door 360 jongvolwassenen tussen 18 en 25 jaar. Uit de resultaten kwam naar voren dat er gemiddeld 41 minuten zaten tussen de bedtijd en slaaptijd van de respondenten. Er bleek een sterker effect aanwezig van mediagebruik op het uitstellen van slaaptijd dan op het uitstellen van bedtijd. Voor het verband tussen mediagebruik in bed en het uitstellen van slaaptijd was er zowel een direct effect als interactie-effect van zelfcontrole aanwezig, terwijl er bij het uitstellen van bedtijd enkel een interactie-effect aanwezig was. Dit wil zeggen dat mensen met een hoge zelfcontrole meer grip hebben op het op tijd in hun bed gaan liggen en daardoor hun slaap initieel niet uitstellen, maar zodra ze in hun bed liggen wel nog media gebruiken en daardoor toch hun slaap uitstellen. Ten slotte werd er gekeken naar de gevolgen van het uitstellen van bedtijd en slaaptijd. Hieruit bleek dat het uitstellen van bedtijd en slaaptijd de relatie tussen gsm-gebruik en slaapkwaliteit medieerde. Dit betekent dat gsm-gebruik door het uitstellen van bedtijd en slaaptijd ervoor kan zorgen dat de slaapkwaliteit verslechterd.

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Universiteit of Hogeschool
KU Leuven
Thesis jaar
2016
Promotor(en)
Jan Van den Bulck