1. Cesarean Section - A Brief History: Part 1 [Internet]. [cited 2015 Oct 29]. Available from: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/cesarean/part1.html
2. Low J. Caesarean section - past and present. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2009;31(12):1131–6.
3. Devlieger R, Martens E, Martens G, Van Mol C, Cammu H. Perinatale activiteiten in Vlaanderen 2014. Brussel: Studiecentrum voor Perinatale Epidemiologie vzw;
4. Gibbons L, Belizan J, Lauer J, Betran A, Merialdi M, Althabe F. The global numbers and costs of additionally needed and unnecessary ceasarean sections performed per year: overuse as a barrier to universal coverage. World health organization; 2010. (World health report). Report No.: 30.
5. D’Souza R, Arulkumaran S. To “C” or not to “C”? Caesarean delivery upon maternal request: a review of facts, figures and guidelines. J Perinat Med. 2013 Jan;41(1):5–15.
6. Stevens J, Schmied V, Burns E, Dahlen H. Immediate or early skin-to-skin contact after a Caesarean section: a review of the literature. Matern Child Nutr. 2014 Oct;10(4):456–73.
7. Levine EM, Ghai V, Barton JJ, Strom CM. Mode of delivery and risk of respiratory diseases in newborns. Obstet Gynecol. 2001 Mar;97(3):439–42.
8. Smith J, Plaat F, Fisk NM. The natural caesarean: a woman-centred technique. BJOG. 2008 Jul;115(8):1037–42; discussion 1042.
9. Babu K, Magon N. Uterine Closure in Cesarean Delivery: A New Technique. N Am J Med Sci. 2012 Aug;4(8):358–61.
10. Bamigboye AA, Hofmeyr GJ. Closure versus non-closure of the peritoneum at caesarean section: short- and long-term outcomes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;8:CD000163.
11. Stjernholm YV, Petersson K, Eneroth E. Changed indications for cesarean sections. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2010;89(1):49–53.
12. Cunningham F, Gant N, Leveno K, Gilstrap III L, Hauth J, Wenstrom K. Operative Obstetrics. In: Williams Obstetrics. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc; 2001.
13. Mölgg A, Jirecek S, Girtler V, Lehner R. Maternal and neonatal outcome for singleton and twin pregnancies in emergency cesarean section vs. urgent cesarean section in a retrospective evaluation from 2003-2012. Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2014;4:881–8.
14. Hansen AK, Wisborg K, Uldbjerg N, Henriksen TB. Risk of respiratory morbidity in term infants delivered by elective caesarean section: cohort study. BMJ. 2008 Jan 12;336(7635):85–7.
15. Tita ATN, Landon MB, Spong CY, Lai Y, Leveno KJ, Varner MW, et al. Timing of elective repeat cesarean delivery at term and neonatal outcomes. N Engl J Med. 2009 Jan 8;360(2):111–20.
16. Steinhorn RH. Neonatal Pulmonary Hypertension. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2010 Mar;11(2 Suppl):S79–84.
17. Transient tachypnea - newborn: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia [Internet]. [cited 2015 Nov 1]. Available from: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007233.htm
18. Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia [Internet]. [cited 2015 Nov 1]. Available from: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001563.htm
19. Gerten KA, Coonrod DV, Bay RC, Chambliss LR. Cesarean delivery and respiratory distress syndrome: Does labor make a difference? American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2005 Sep;193(3, Supplement):1061–4.
20. Moore HC, de Klerk N, Holt P, Richmond PC, Lehmann D. Hospitalisation for bronchiolitis in infants is more common after elective caesarean delivery. Arch Dis Child. 2012 May;97(5):410–4.
21. Renz-Polster H, David MR, Buist AS, Vollmer WM, O’Connor EA, Frazier EA, et al. Caesarean section delivery and the risk of allergic disorders in childhood. Clinical & Experimental Allergy. 2005 Nov 1;35(11):1466–72.
22. Hankins GDV, Clark SM, Munn MB. Cesarean section on request at 39 weeks: impact on shoulder dystocia, fetal trauma, neonatal encephalopathy, and intrauterine fetal demise. Semin Perinatol. 2006 Oct;30(5):276–87.
23. Alexander JM, Leveno KJ, Hauth J, Landon MB, Thom E, Spong CY, et al. Fetal injury associated with cesarean delivery. Obstet Gynecol. 2006 Oct;108(4):885–90.
24. Awonuga AO, Fletcher NM, Saed GM, Diamond MP. Postoperative adhesion development following cesarean and open intra-abdominal gynecological operations: a review. Reprod Sci. 2011 Dec;18(12):1166–85.
25. Tulandi T, Agdi M, Zarei A, Miner L, Sikirica V. Adhesion development and morbidity after repeat cesarean delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Jul;201(1):56.e1–6.
26. Committee on Practice Bulletins-Obstetrics. Practice Bulletin #115: Vaginal birth after previous cesarean deliver. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; 2010.
27. Landon MB, Hauth JC, Leveno KJ, Spong CY, Leindecker S, Varner MW, et al. Maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with a trial of labor after prior cesarean delivery. N Engl J Med. 2004 Dec 16;351(25):2581–9.
28. Gilliam M, Rosenberg D, Davis F. The likelihood of placenta previa with greater number of cesarean deliveries and higher parity. Obstet Gynecol. 2002 Jun;99(6):976–80.
29. Getahun DM, Oyelese Y, Salihu HM, Ananth CV. Previous Cesarean Delivery and Risks of Placenta Previa and Placental Abruption. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2006 Apr;107(4):771–8.
30. Onwere C, Gurol-Urganci I, Cromwell DA, Mahmood TA, Templeton A, van der Meulen JH. Maternal morbidity associated with placenta praevia among women who had elective caesarean section. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2011 Nov;159(1):62–6.
31. Silver RM, Landon MB, Rouse DJ, Leveno KJ, Spong CY, Thom EA, et al. Maternal morbidity associated with multiple repeat cesarean deliveries. Obstet Gynecol. 2006 Jun;107(6):1226–32.
32. Cunningham F, Gant N, Leveno K, Gilstrap III L, Hauth J, Wenstrom K. Common complications of pregnancy. In: Williams Obstetrics. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc; 2001.
33. Higgins MF, Monteith C, Foley M, O’Herlihy C. Real increasing incidence of hysterectomy for placenta accreta following previous caesarean section. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology. 2013 Nov;171(1):54–6.
34. Horan TC, Gaynes RP, Martone WJ, Jarvis WR, Grace Emori T. CDC definitions of nosocomial surgical site infections, 1992: A modification of CDC definitions of surgical wound infections. American Journal of Infection Control. 1992 Oct;20(5):271–4.
35. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Surveillance of surgical site infections in Europe, 2008-2009. Stockholm: ECDC; 2012 Feb.
36. Smaill FM, Grivell RM. Antibiotic prophylaxis versus no prophylaxis for preventing infection after cesarean section. In: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews [Internet]. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014 [cited 2015 Oct 25]. Available from: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.kuleuven.ezproxy.kuleuven.be/doi/10.1002…
37. Yokoe DS, Christiansen CL, Johnson R, Sands KE, Livingston J, Shtatland ES, et al. Epidemiology of and surveillance for postpartum infections. Emerging Infect Dis. 2001 Oct;7(5):837–41.
38. GILBERT SA, GROBMAN WA, LANDON MB, SPONG CY, ROUSE DJ, LEVENO KJ, et al. Elective Repeat Cesarean Compared with Spontaneous Trial of Labor after a Prior Cesarean: A Propensity Score Analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Apr;206(4):311.e1–311.e9.
39. Schwartz MA, Wang CC, Eckert LO, Critchlow CW. Risk factors for urinary tract infection in the postpartum period. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1999 Sep;181(3):547–53.
40. Kourlaba G, Relakis J, Kontodimas S, Holm MV, Maniadakis N. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiology and burden of venous thromboembolism among pregnant women. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2015 Oct 9;
41. Virkus RA, Løkkegaard E, Lidegaard Ø, Langhoff-Roos J, Nielsen AK, Rothman KJ, et al. Risk factors for venous thromboembolism in 1.3 million pregnancies: a nationwide prospective cohort. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(5):e96495.
42. European Society of Gynecology (ESG), Association for European Paediatric Cardiology (AEPC), German Society for Gender Medicine (DGesGM), Regitz-Zagrosek V, Blomstrom Lundqvist C, Borghi C, et al. ESC Guidelines on the management of cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy: the Task Force on the Management of Cardiovascular Diseases during Pregnancy of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2011 Dec;32(24):3147–97.
43. Bergholt T, Stenderup JK, Vedsted-Jakobsen A, Helm P, Lenstrup C. Intraoperative surgical complication during cesarean section: an observational study of the incidence and risk factors. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2003 Mar;82(3):251–6.
44. Alexander JM, Wortman AC. Intrapartum hemorrhage. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2013 Mar;40(1):15–26.
45. Kolås T, Øian P, Skjeldestad FE. Risks for peroperative excessive blood loss in cesarean delivery. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2010 May;89(5):658–63.
46. Holm C, Langhoff-Roos J, Petersen K, Norgaard A, Diness B. Severe postpartum haemorrhage and mode of delivery: a retrospective cohort study. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 2012 Apr 1;119(5):596–604.
47. Rouse DJ, MacPherson C, Landon M, Varner MW, Leveno KJ, Moawad AH, et al. Blood transfusion and cesarean delivery. Obstet Gynecol. 2006 Oct;108(4):891–7.
48. Kok N, Ruiter L, Lindeboom R, de Groot C, Pajkrt E, Mol BW, et al. Elective repeat cesarean delivery compared with trial of labor after a prior cesarean delivery: a propensity score analysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2015 Oct 17;195:214–8.
49. Zanardo V, Simbi AK, Franzoi M, Soldà G, Salvadori A, Trevisanuto D. Neonatal respiratory morbidity risk and mode of delivery at term: influence of timing of elective caesarean delivery. Acta Paediatr. 2004 May;93(5):643–7.
50. Doan E, Gibbons K, Tudehope D. The timing of elective caesarean deliveries and early neonatal outcomes in singleton infants born 37-41 weeks’ gestation. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2014 Aug;54(4):340–7.
51. Cunningham F, Gant N, Leveno K, Gilstrap III L, Wenstrom K. Normal labor and delivery. In: Williams Obstetrics. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc; 2001.
52. Scholtens PAMJ, Goossens DAM, Staiano A. Stool characteristics of infants receiving short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides: a review. World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Oct 7;20(37):13446–52.
53. Jarlenski MP, Bennett WL, Bleich SN, Barry CL, Stuart EA. Effects of breastfeeding on postpartum weight loss among U.S. women. Preventive Medicine. 2014 Dec;69:146–50.
54. Prior E, Santhakumaran S, Gale C, Philipps LH, Modi N, Hyde MJ. Breastfeeding after cesarean delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of world literature. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 May;95(5):1113–35.
55. Jensen D, Wallace S, Kelsay P. LATCH: a breastfeeding charting system and documentation tool. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 1994 Jan;23(1):27–32.
56. Kumar SP, Mooney R, Wieser LJ, Havstad S. The LATCH scoring system and prediction of breastfeeding duration. J Hum Lact. 2006 Nov;22(4):391–7.
57. Hannah ME, Hannah WJ, Hodnett ED, Chalmers B, Kung R, Willan A, et al. Outcomes at 3 months after planned cesarean vs planned vaginal delivery for breech presentation at term: the international randomized Term Breech Trial. JAMA. 2002 Apr 10;287(14):1822–31.
58. Yilmaz SD, Bal MD, Beji NK, Uludag S. Women’s Preferences of Method of Delivery and Influencing Factors. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2013 Aug;15(8):683–9.
59. Puia D. A meta-synthesis of women’s experiences of cesarean birth. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 2013 Feb;38(1):41–7.
60. Karlström A, Nystedt A, Hildingsson I. A comparative study of the experience of childbirth between women who preferred and had a caesarean section and women who preferred and had a vaginal birth. Sex Reprod Healthc. 2011 Aug;2(3):93–9.
61. Dodd J, Pearce E, Crowther C. Women’s experiences and preferences following Caesarean birth. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2004 Dec 1;44(6):521–4.
62. Spaich S, Welzel G, Berlit S, Temerinac D, Tuschy B, Sütterlin M, et al. Mode of delivery and its influence on women’s satisfaction with childbirth. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology. 2013 Oct;170(2):401–6.
63. Bélanger-Lévesque M-N, Pasquier M, Roy-Matton N, Blouin S, Pasquier J-C. Maternal and paternal satisfaction in the delivery room: a cross-sectional comparative study. BMJ Open. 2014;4(2):e004013.
64. Johansson M, Rådestad I, Rubertsson C, Karlström A, Hildingsson I. Few fathers-to-be prefer caesarean section for the birth of their baby. BJOG. 2010 May;117(6):761–4.
65. Sawyer A, Ayers S, Abbott J, Gyte G, Rabe H, Duley L. Measures of satisfaction with care during labour and birth: a comparative review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2013;13:108.
66. Wiklund I, Edman G, Ryding E-L, Andolf E. Expectation and experiences of childbirth in primiparae with caesarean section. BJOG. 2008 Feb;115(3):324–31.
67. McCoach DB, Gable RK, Madura JP. Defining, Measuring, and Scaling Affective Constructs. In: Instrument Development in the Affective Domain, 3rd ed. Springer; 2013.
68. Boone HNJ, Boone DA. Analyzing Likert Data. Journal of Extension [Internet]. 2012 Apr [cited 2016 Feb 10];50(2). Available from: http://www.joe.org/joe/2012april/tt2.php
69. Preston CC, Colman AM. Optimal number of response categories in rating scales: reliability, validity, discriminating power, and respondent preferences. Acta Psychol (Amst). 2000 Mar;104(1):1–15.
70. Investopedia. Satisficing. In [cited 2016 Feb 14]. Available from: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/satisficing.asp
71. Nadler JT, Weston R, Voyles EC. Stuck in the middle: the use and interpretation of mid-points in items on questionnaires. J Gen Psychol. 2015;142(2):71–89.
72. Weijters B, Cabooter E, Schillewaert N. The effect of rating scale format on response styles: The number of response categories and response category labels. International Journal of Research in Marketing. 2010 Sep;27(3):236–47.
73. Odd or Even? –The Ongoing Debate of Neutral Rating Scales [Internet]. FluidSurveys. [cited 2016 Feb 15]. Available from: http://fluidsurveys.com/university/odds-evens-ongoing-debate-rating-sca…
74. Armbrust R, Hinkson L, von Weizsäcker K, Henrich W. The Charité cesarean birth: a family orientated approach of cesarean section. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2015 Jul 27;1–6.
75. Magee SR, Battle C, Morton J, Nothnagle M. Promotion of Family-Centered Birth With Gentle Cesarean Delivery. J Am Board Fam Med. 2014 Sep 1;27(5):690–3.
76. Writing@CSU [Internet]. [cited 2015 Oct 15]. Available from: http://writing.colostate.edu
77. Guest G, Bunce A, Johnson L. How Many Interviews Are Enough? An Experiment with Data Saturation and Variability. Field Methods. 2006 Feb 1;18(1):59–82.
78. Watt S, Sword W, Sheehan D, Foster G, Thabane L, Krueger P, et al. The Effect of Delivery Method on Breastfeeding Initiation from the The Ontario Mother and Infant Study (TOMIS) III. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing. 2012 Nov 1;41(6):728–37.